{"id":11841,"date":"2024-03-07T19:01:44","date_gmt":"2024-03-07T18:01:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fei-online.com\/?p=11841"},"modified":"2024-03-07T19:01:44","modified_gmt":"2024-03-07T18:01:44","slug":"wheat-genome-sequencing-consortium-to-mine-wheat-diversity-for-food-security","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fei-online.com\/wheat-genome-sequencing-consortium-to-mine-wheat-diversity-for-food-security\/","title":{"rendered":"Wheat genome sequencing consortium to mine wheat diversity for food security"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id='av_section_1'  class='avia-section main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  avia-bg-style-scroll  avia-builder-el-0  avia-builder-el-no-sibling   container_wrap fullsize' style=' '  ><div class='container' ><main  role=\"main\" itemprop=\"mainContentOfPage\"  class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-11841'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div class=\"flex_column av_one_fifth  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding first  avia-builder-el-1  el_before_av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-first  \" style='border-radius:0px; '><section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p style=\"text-align: center\"><div id=\"ads-slider-28\" class=\"custom-slider ads-slider-1718226463 ads-slider\"><ul><li><!--Begin ClixTrac.com Banner Code -->\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/clixtrac.com\/goto\/?308404\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/clixtrac.com\/banner\/308404.jpg\" alt=\"Free from food\" title=\"Free from food\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a>\r\n<!--End ClixTrac.com Banner Code --><\/li><li><!--Begin ClixTrac.com Banner Code -->\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/clixtrac.com\/banner\/click.php?banner=302805\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\r\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/clixtrac.com\/banner\/302805.jpg\" alt=\"LUBRIPLATE\" title=\"LUBRIPLATE\" border=\"0\" width=\"120\" height=\"600\" \/><\/a>\r\n<!--End ClixTrac.com Banner Code --><\/li><li><div style=\"margin-left: auto; 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'><section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p style=\"text-align: center\"><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><h1 class=\"post-title entry-title\" itemprop=\"headline\">Wheat genome sequencing consortium to mine wheat diversity for food security<\/h1><span class=\"post-meta-infos\">\/ <span class=\"blog-categories minor-meta\">in <a href=\"https:\/\/fei-online.com\/category\/e-news\/\" rel=\"tag\">E-News<\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/header>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><h3>The International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium (IWGSC) is starting a two-year project, with funding from the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF), to mine an untapped genetic resource for wheat improvement by sequencing the genomes of ancient varieties representing the worldwide diversity of bread wheat.<\/h3>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>In this project \u2013 called the \u201cWheat Diversity Project\u201d \u2013 the IWGSC and collaborators in France will sequence 12 landrace genomes and update the IWGSC Chinese Spring reference sequence (IWGSC CS RefSeq), which is the primary genome reference for bread wheat research.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div   class='hr hr-default   avia-builder-el-7  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_image '><span class='hr-inner ' ><span class='hr-inner-style'><\/span><\/span><\/div><br \/>\n<div  class='avia-image-container  av-styling-    avia-builder-el-8  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_hr  avia-align-center '  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"  ><div class='avia-image-container-inner'><div class='avia-image-overlay-wrap'><img class='avia_image' src='https:\/\/fei-online.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/03\/shutterstock_1969403536-scaled.jpg' alt='' title='Wheat,Ears,Isolated,On,White,Background.,Package,Design,Element,With' height=\"868\" width=\"2560\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\"  \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<div   class='hr hr-default   avia-builder-el-9  el_after_av_image  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner ' ><span class='hr-inner-style'><\/span><\/span><\/div><br \/>\n<section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><h4>Reduced genetic diversity in cultivated wheat<\/h4>\n<p>Landraces are wheat varieties adapted to local environmental conditions and management practices. They were traditionally farmed across Northern Africa, Europe, and Asia for thousands of years until their replacement by modern agriculture\u2019s cultivars with higher yields and farming qualities. This resulted in a substantial reduction of genetic diversity in cultivated wheat.<\/p>\n<p>Landraces are reservoirs of key agronomic and adaptive traits for crop improvement. They are genetically very diverse and contain genes associated with disease resistance, grain-traits, nitrogen-use efficiency, and tolerance to environmental stresses such as drought, heat, and salt, as well as genes coding for proteins involved in flour quality and dietary sensitivity.<\/p>\n<p>Wheat \u2013 one of the most cultivated and consumed crops worldwide \u2013 is a key food security crop, providing about 20 percent of dietary calories and proteins.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cDevelopment of the initial IWGSC CS RefSeq in 2018 served as a springboard for genetics, evolution, breeding and biotechnology ad-<br \/>\nvancements in wheat,\u201d said Kellye Eversole, IWGSC Executive Director and lead Principal Investigator (PI) on the Wheat Diversity Project. \u201cUpdating this resource and providing new landrace genomes will enable further advancements in wheat research and breeding.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe genome sequencing of 12 strategically selected landraces, along with the updated IWGSC CS RefSeq, will provide a crucial step forward in world-wide efforts to improve wheat by identifying the genomic diversity that underlies adaptive traits,\u201d explained Joshua Stein, IWGSC Wheat Diversity Project Manager and co-PI on the project. \u201cThis will allow for the development of hardier and im-<br \/>\nproved wheat varieties to meet future demands of climate change, population growth, and sustainability of natural resources.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The genome sequences will be generated by applying recent advances in long-read sequencing, optical maps, and chromosome conformation capture sequencing. All genomes will be annotated using established pipelines and accession-derived transcriptome data to inform gene models across the panel. Existing annotations in the IWGSC CS RefSeq, including thousands of community-contributed and manually curated gene models, will be preserved in the new RefSeq version.<\/p>\n<h4>Accelerating future innovations<\/h4>\n<p>To make these resources immediately applicable to advance wheat breeding, project co-PI Robin Buell at the University of Georgia College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (US) will develop a practical haplotype graph \u2013 a powerful tool that can be used for both genomics and breeding research to accelerate future innovations. The graph will be publicly available and accessible to the entire wheat community via the IWGSC Data Repository at INRAE-URGI and via the USDA data repository GrainGenes.<\/p>\n<p>Additionally, the Wheat Diversity Project team will conduct education and outreach activities in the US to raise public scientific literacy by engaging in urban after-school STEM programmes, training educators and providing paid summer internships for talented minority students to gain training in laboratory and bioinformatics skills in plant sciences.<\/p>\n<p>The NSF grant will support sequencing of the updated IWGSC CS RefSeq and eight landraces, the practical haplotype graph development, and the outreach and education segment of the project. Collaborators in France from INRAE and the University of Paris-Saclay will provide the project seeds, sequence four landraces, annotate all genomes, and add the data to the INRAE-URGI data repository, with funding from the European Research Council (project 3Dwheat #101044399) and INRAE Plant Biology and Breeding department.<\/p>\n<p>Officially called \u201cTRTech-PGR: Unlocking bread wheat genome diversity: Foundational genome sequences and resources to advance breeding and biotechnological improvement of a global food security crop\u201d the NSF-funded project (grant #2322957) will operate from January 2024 to December 2025.<\/p>\n<p>The IWGSC, with 3,450 members in 76 countries, is an international, collaborative consortium, established in 2005 by a group of wheat growers, plant scientists, and public and private breeders. The goal of the IWGSC is to make a high-quality genome sequence of bread wheat publicly available, in order to lay a foundation for basic research that will enable breeders to develop improved varieties.<\/p>\n<p>To learn more, visit: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.wheatgenome.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.wheatgenome.org<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='av-social-sharing-box  avia-builder-el-11  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last  av-social-sharing-box-minimal '><div class='av-share-box'><h5 class='av-share-link-description av-no-toc '>Share this<\/h5><ul class='av-share-box-list noLightbox'><li class='av-share-link av-social-link-facebook' ><a target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Share on Facebook\" href='https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer.php?u=https:\/\/fei-online.com\/wheat-genome-sequencing-consortium-to-mine-wheat-diversity-for-food-security\/&#038;t=Wheat%20genome%20sequencing%20consortium%20to%20mine%20wheat%20diversity%20for%20food%20security' aria-hidden='false' data-av_icon='\ue8f3' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' title='' data-avia-related-tooltip='Share on Facebook' rel=\"noopener\"><span class='avia_hidden_link_text'>Share on Facebook<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class='av-share-link av-social-link-twitter' ><a target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Share on Twitter\" href='https:\/\/twitter.com\/share?text=Wheat%20genome%20sequencing%20consortium%20to%20mine%20wheat%20diversity%20for%20food%20security&#038;url=https:\/\/fei-online.com\/?p=11841' aria-hidden='false' data-av_icon='\ue8f1' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' title='' data-avia-related-tooltip='Share on Twitter' rel=\"noopener\"><span class='avia_hidden_link_text'>Share on Twitter<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class='av-share-link av-social-link-whatsapp' ><a target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Share on WhatsApp\" href='https:\/\/api.whatsapp.com\/send?text=https:\/\/fei-online.com\/wheat-genome-sequencing-consortium-to-mine-wheat-diversity-for-food-security\/' aria-hidden='false' data-av_icon='\uf232' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' title='' data-avia-related-tooltip='Share on WhatsApp' rel=\"noopener\"><span class='avia_hidden_link_text'>Share on WhatsApp<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class='av-share-link av-social-link-linkedin' ><a target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Share on LinkedIn\" href='https:\/\/linkedin.com\/shareArticle?mini=true&#038;title=Wheat%20genome%20sequencing%20consortium%20to%20mine%20wheat%20diversity%20for%20food%20security&#038;url=https:\/\/fei-online.com\/wheat-genome-sequencing-consortium-to-mine-wheat-diversity-for-food-security\/' aria-hidden='false' data-av_icon='\ue8fc' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' title='' data-avia-related-tooltip='Share on LinkedIn' rel=\"noopener\"><span class='avia_hidden_link_text'>Share on LinkedIn<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class='av-share-link av-social-link-mail' ><a  aria-label=\"Share by Mail\" href='mailto:?subject=Wheat%20genome%20sequencing%20consortium%20to%20mine%20wheat%20diversity%20for%20food%20security&#038;body=https:\/\/fei-online.com\/wheat-genome-sequencing-consortium-to-mine-wheat-diversity-for-food-security\/' aria-hidden='false' data-av_icon='\ue805' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' title='' data-avia-related-tooltip='Share by Mail'><span class='avia_hidden_link_text'>Share by Mail<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/p><\/div><div class=\"flex_column av_one_fifth  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding   avia-builder-el-12  el_after_av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-last  \" style='border-radius:0px; 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