Vitamin B12 is an essential micronutrient which plays a role in supporting red blood cell production, energy, metabolism and nerve function, however it is neither made, nor required by plants.
Delivering the benefits of agricultural biotechnology to smallholder farmers requires that resources be directed toward staple food crops. To achieve effect at scale, beneficial traits must be integrated into multiple, elite farmer-preferred varieties with relevance across geographical regions.
Once the UK left the EU, it would be free to invest in gene editing of crops and livestock to “feed the world”. That’s what the prime minister, Boris Johnson, told the House of Commons in 2019. And following the UK’s formal departure from the EU in January 2021, the government quickly launched a public […]
By the CHRONECT Workstation MCPD 3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD), 2-monochloropropane- 1,3-diol (2-MCPD) and glycidol are known as contaminants in foodstuffs due to manufacturing. MCPD fatty acids may occur during the refinement process of oils and fats at high temperature or in the presence of chloride containing salts.
Saccharides show a very narrow UV absorption wavelength range, from 190 nm to 195 nm since the hydroxyl group is the only major functional group showing UV absorption in the structure. Hence a refractive index detector (RID) is commonly used for this analysis.
Loryma, a specialist supplier of functional ingredients made from wheat, has developed an innovative concept for vegan fish. Food Engineering & Ingredients talks to Norbert Klein, Head of R&D, about how it is processed, the market opportunities and the many possible applications for plant-based fish substitutes.
Hailing from the small town of Alldays, in Limpopo Province, South Africa, resident Pieter Smith has captured the imagination of nearly 100,000 would-be goat farmers around the world through his groundbreaking mentorship on his wildly popular Facebook page. He recently formalised his outreach concept with the launch of the Pieter Smith Boer Goat Academy.
A new study in Frontiers in Marine Science provides a first-of-its-kind evaluation of which regions of southern European seas are in the most need of fishing restrictions. These areas have persistently shown high numbers of undersized fish and crustaceans, which are typically discarded because they are below the allowable size limit for collection. These findings […]
Marine fisheries employ millions of people around the world and play an essential role in aquatic food systems. However, while there is a strong push for achieving biological sustainability in global fisheries, is not enough to ensure the well-being of fishers and their families, according to a new paper published in Fish and Fisheries.
The research, with collaborators at the University of British Columbia, the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, and UC Santa Barbara, finds that while sustainable fisheries are essential for ocean health and a “Blue Economy”, they are insufficient to ensure a living-wage for many fishers around the world. Instead, the authors find, even if fisheries were perfectly managed to meet maximum sustainable yield, a common goal for fisheries management, up to 70% of fishers worldwide would still not make the minimum wage in their country.
Laura Anderson speaks to co-lead authors of the paper Alfredo Giron-Nava and Andrés Cisneros-Montemayor about the importance of social well-being in fisheries and future efforts toward a resilient blue economy.
Giron-Nava is an André Hoffmann fellow at the Stanford Center for Ocean Solutions and the World Economic Forum Centre for the Fourth Industrial Revolution-San Francisco and Cisneros-Montemayor is deputy director of the Nippon Foundation Ocean Nexus Center.
A Blue Economy is made up of one or more ocean industries established and run in a way that is socially equitable, environmentally sustainable, and economically viable. The focus on social equity is what really sets a blue economy apart from other types of development, because the overall goal is to make sure that benefits go to frontline communities and people that are most vulnerable or historically marginalized.
For over 50 years, the most common goal for fisheries management has been to maximize the catch we can take sustainably from a given fishery, a concept known as the Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY). The idea behind the MSY is that if more fish are available to fishers, this will generate more food and money and more people will benefit from it. Our research questions this basic set of assumptions and highlights that we have to directly address inequitable distribution of fish and revenues within seafood value chains. Often the people actually doing the fishing and processing are the ones getting the least share of economic benefits and rarely have a true voice in management goals.
Giron-Nava: Early in my career as a fisheries scientist, I realized that any plan to manage a fishery is inherently tied to a community that gets impacted, and that the effective enforcement of regulations to preserve ecosystems relies on communities that care and recognize the value of conservation. With this in mind, it’s important to recognize the limit that fisheries productivity has to support coastal communities and face the challenge that we need to think more holistically about good fisheries management that also pursues societal goals.
Cisneros-Montemayor: In addition to being a fisheries scientist and economist, I grew up in a fishing town in Mexico. Throughout my life, I’ve seen how our focus on the biology and ecology of fisheries management simply hasn’t worked for supporting the well-being of fishers and their families, which is supposed to be the ultimate goal. Ecology is still really important, but we have to start recognizing that the underlying issues that lead to poverty and unsustainable practices are social, not ecological.
We found that there isn’t a strong relationship between the state of fish stocks in terms of the MSY and the income level of fishers relative to the minimum living wages in their countries. Of course, healthy fish stocks can produce more fish and more money, but there are many other factors that play a more important role when it comes to well-being.
A lot of things, but probably the most important one is that what researchers and policymakers see as the most important goals and aspects of well-being may be different than those of the communities themselves. We need to start by listening and making sure that we are all on the same page as far as what the challenges and likely best solutions are.
Cisneros-Montemayor: One really direct way is by encouraging fisheries scientists, who, in my experience, absolutely value fisher perspectives, to connect with social scientists and frontline workers. Hopefully this can lead to cooperation at higher levels, like among institutions that may have different mandates but all have a role to play in complex systems of fisheries and social well-being.
Giron-Nava: Another way is by starting a debate on what other strategies exist to ensure the social well-being of fishing communities. Should we be developing strategies to increase the value of the catch? Can we redesign fisheries subsidies to target some of these deficits? Is it mostly that wealth is concentrated by a few individuals who own the vessels and fishing permits? We hope that our work will inspire these questions and get managers talking to communities.
It’s important to find better ways to account for income and benefits beyond just the landed value of fisheries. Alternative sources of income, contributions of other household members, the role of the processing sector — which in most places is overwhelmingly led by women — and non-market benefits are just a few things that we didn’t include in our analysis because there isn’t enough data right now, but are super important to explore going forward.
Giron-Nava: The value of the ocean goes way beyond the money generated for fishing. It is also about the deep cultural connections that coastal communities have with it. Sustainable ocean management has to recognize these other values when thinking about ‘maximizing’ fishing revenues. This means bringing to the table not only ecologists and fisheries scientists, but also anthropologists, sociologists, communicators and others who may be able to place those values front and center when designing management plans.
Cisneros-Montemayor: A lot of people really want to have vibrant communities and a healthy ocean, but the evidence tells us that we need to put much more focus on the social issues than we have been if we want to achieve either of those goals.
The pandemic has brought the topic of immune defence into sharp focus. Many consumers are increasingly turning to functional foods and dietary supplements that help support the body’s own defences. Eight manufacturers are interviewed to discover what challenges and innovation potential they foresee in the “Immune Health” segment.
Maryanne Mburu, Senior Key Account Manager, AstaReal
AstaReal AB is a global pioneer and expert in natural algal astaxanthin cultivation, R&D and clinical science. The company offers a variety of specialized astaxanthin formats to help meet customer requirements when developing food supplements, cosmetics and pet feed.
Maryanne Mburu: In the past, sales of immune health products tended to peak during the traditional cold and flu season. But due to the pandemic, the nutraceuticals industry has been seeing increased and ongoing demand in this category, as consumers have been reflecting on their health. The demand for combined formulations with multiple benefits, and growing consumer awareness of the advantages of supplements that support the immune system, will further fuel the market.
MM: There are more products with immune health claims entering the arena than ever before. So, the market is getting very competitive. At the same time, though, this presents an opportunity to stand out from the crowd with higher quality products offering special ingredients and innovative dosage forms. There is also the chance to tap into additional consumer needs such as plant-based and more sustainable products.
MM: Companies should differentiate their products by using unique ingredients and delivery formats. For instance, AstaReal astaxanthin offers product developers a broad range of combination and dosage options. Whether in capsule, liquid shot, sachet or soft gum format, the possibilities for developing astaxanthin products for immune support are almost limitless. Plus, it can be combined with a broad range of other immune-enhancing ingredients, such as vitamin D or C, selenium, zinc, pro- and prebiotics or curcumin. In addition, microalgae-based astaxanthin aligns with the emerging plant-based immunity products trend.
MM: AstaReal natural astaxanthin provides immune health support and promotes a healthy inflammatory response. Astaxanthin is a naturally occurring carotenoid derived from the microalga Haematococcus pluvialis. With its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating properties, natural astaxanthin has a strong ability to both balance and strengthen the immune system.
MM: AstaReal natural astaxanthin is backed by over 60 human clinical studies, covering indications such as skin health, vision, muscle performance, cognitive function, heart health and immune health. An uncontrolled immune response allows chronic inflammation to build up in the body. Natural astaxanthin has been shown to help significantly decrease the expression of pro-inflammatory markers, thus providing potent anti-inflammatory protection.1 In addition, astaxanthin is able to enhance the capacity of lymphocytes – cells that allow the body to remember previous invaders and help destroy them. Furthermore, individuals receiving astaxanthin demonstrated activity of natural killer cells that are predominantly involved in innate immunity.
References:
Annelore De Boe, Product Manager Functional Fibres, Beneo
BENEO has many years of experience in the development and production of ingredients that add nutritional and technological value to products, staying true to the company slogan “Connecting nutrition & health”. Its portfolio includes functional carbohydrates from sugar beet, prebiotic dietary fibers from chicory root, plant-based proteins and rice ingredients.
Annelore De Boe: For many consumers, immune health has thus far been a seasonal issue usually relating to classic flu season. Only for vulnerable groups or those aged 65+ has the body’s own defence mechanism been a year-round topic. But COVID-19 has changed all that, as a stable immune system has become an ongoing discussion across all age groups and sectors of society. According to a worldwide consumer survey by market analyst FMCG Gurus 2020, two-thirds of respondents said they are more conscious of their immune system because of the pandemic. 50% said they are supporting their defences through healthy eating, and one in ten is taking additional dietary supplements.
What is also new is that when it comes to healthy eating, many consumers are now taking a holistic approach. Whether through dietary supplements or functional food, they choose what suits their daily routine best and – in the case of food – combines health benefits with indulgence.
ADB: Consumers are better informed than ever about the inter-relationships in the human body. For example, the beneficial effect of a normal body weight is widely recognized, and also controlled and well balanced blood glucose levels are increasingly seen to play a role. Conversely, diseases such as diabetes and obesity are risk factors for severe progress of COVID-19. And consumers are also aware of how important digestive health is, as a recent analyses by market researchers from Health Focus International revealed: 75% of participants said the positive effect of a healthy intestine includes “general physical health”, with two out of three linking it to a “functioning immune system”.
There are thus promising opportunities for the industry in this area. Take digestive health as an example: Today, science knows much more about how the microbiome can influence both gut health and the immune system, as well as overall wellbeing. This is why one focus of BENEO’s R&D is on the human gut microbiome, and how it can be positively influenced.
ADB: Our prebiotic dietary fibre from chicory root, named on the ingredient list as inulin and oligofructose, has been proven to support good intestinal function. The intestine is the body’s largest contact surface with the outer world and houses 70% of our immune system.
The gut microbiome, the multitude of bacteria that colonise it, contains beneficial microorganisms such as Lactobacilli or Bifidobacteria, but also those that can be harmful if they gain the upper hand. The daily consumption of prebiotic dietary fibre provides beneficial bacterial in the intestine with their “favourite food”. Chicory root fibre, in particular, is an ideal food source for bifidobacteria.
Inulin and oligofructose are among the very few proven prebiotics by the International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) and are currently the only established prebiotics derived from plants. They can be used in a variety of ways, from dairy products, dairy alternatives, cereals, baked goods and confectionery, to baby food and infant milk.
ADB: More than 40 human intervention studies have examined the selective growth of bifidobacteria by inulin and oligofructose. And several studies have confirmed the link between gut health and the body’s own defences: A scientific study with seniors undergoing treatment for a diarrhoeal illness showed that those receiving inulin or oligofructose on a daily basis had a lower recurrence rate, and required significantly less hospitalisation.1
In addition, a large-scale randomised control study involving more than 200 kindergarten children demonstrated improved immune responses. During the winter months, the children consumed prebiotic fibre from chicory root daily for six months. The result: the number of medically confirmed febrile infections decreased significantly, and there was a significant increase in bifidobacteria in the intestine.2 In addition, it was shown that with antibiotic therapy and simultaneous prebiotic fibre intake, the usual antibiotic-related disturbance of the intestinal flora was significantly reduced, and the number of bifidobacteria was significantly higher compared to the control group.3
ADB: The pandemic has accelerated interest in healthy nutrition in general, with particular interest in products relating to gut health and immune defence. This trend looks set to continue – also post-pandemic. Our prebiotic dietary fibres are particularly in demand, as they fulfil several important consumer needs in terms of healthy nutrition. In order to meet the challenge of keeping up with this demand, and to reliably meet the increased need for prebiotic dietary fibres in the future, BENEO has invested more than EUR 50 million in its plant in Pemuco, Chile.
References:
Andrea Zangara, Head of Scientific Communications & Marketing, Euromed
EUROMED S.A. is a leading producer of standardized herbal extracts and active pharmaceutical ingredients of botanical origin for the international pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, food and cosmetic industry.
Andrea Zangara: Until 2020, the immune health market was very much seasonally dependent, with sales peaks during autumn and winter – the classic time for colds and flu. But the coronavirus pandemic means people around the world are changing the way they view their health. Immunity is at the forefront of public consciousness like never before, and immune-supporting products are now booming all year round. Additionally, consumers are increasingly realising the importance of heart wellbeing to reduce the risk of mortality and viral morbidity, and are therefore taking a preventive approach to heart care. This is reflected in a spike in demand for cardiovascular health ingredients.
AZ: The pandemic has fuelled two things: increasing consumer demand for safe and effective botanicals, along with raw material shortages due to logistical problems. This opens the door for counterfeit material to enter the supply chain, meaning adulteration has become an even more important concern than before the crisis. Full traceability is a key tool of the industry to prevent adulteration and guarantee quality. For this reason, suppliers should have an integrated supply chain in place, where each step – starting with the raw materials – is traceable and accountable.
AZ: We offer a broad range of natural, pharmaceutical-grade botanical extracts. In terms of immune health, our portfolio includes standardised extracts that are able to directly modulate immune response – such as echinacea – and those that strengthen the body’s natural defences, such as ginseng and rhodiola. Euromed R&D is quickly responding to the increased demand for immunomodulating ingredients. Our labs are currently developing new items such as ashwagandha, astragalus, elderberry and other extracts. Gut microbiome health should not be underestimated either. For an efficient immune response, our Cynamed artichoke flower extract combines the traditional digestive and antioxidant properties of artichoke with the prebiotic activity of inulin, naturally present in the edible part of the plant. For cardiovascular health, a major predictor of COVID-19 outcome1, we offer pomegranate and olive fruit extracts Pomanox and Mediteanox.
AZ: Extracts of echinacea are traditionally used to support the body’s immune system, and prevent and treat infections. This is backed by a long history of research, which provides evidence for echinacea’s immune-enhancing2, antibacterial3 and antioxidant effects4, among others. The immune modulatory effects of adaptogens such as ginseng and rhodiola are also supported by traditional use and a large body of research5,6. Euromed’s artichoke extract has been shown to increase the production of beneficial Bifidobacteria in an in-vitro trial using the SHIME model (Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem) and therefore has strong prebiotic potential.7 Several published studies8-11 with Pomanox and Mediteanox confirm the well-known heart-healthy properties of pomegranate and olive polyphenols12-14, and a study investigated the cardiovascular properties of their combined administration to middle-aged people. After 8 weeks of daily intake, participants initially showing altered, but asymptomatic endothelial functions and elevated levels of oxidized LDL cholesterol, displayed significant improvements in these early key markers of cardiovascular disease, compared to a placebo.15
AZ: There are still many plants that have not been adequately investigated for their active ingredients and potential. There are also well-known herbal extracts that may have unexplored immune potential. A noteworthy example is milk thistle: Euromed milk thistle extract has been extensively researched in clinical trials recently reviewed16, and showing liver support as the major indication for the extract. However, antiviral properties of its flavonoid component silibinin17 are now emerging too: a clinical study (SILCOVID19) is currently testing the therapeutic efficacy of Euromed-processed silibinin in the prevention of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in patients hospitalized with COVID-1918. I think that there will be some further findings in the future on how we can better support our immune health with natural products, and through a more holistic and comprehensive approach. R&D in this area has great potential and we will definitely see promising new study results, and interesting product developments, over the next few years.
References:
Oliver Wolf, Head of B2B Marketing (global), Gelita
Gelita is a global leader in the production and marketing of collagen proteins. The company offers a range of specific Bioactive Collagen Peptides (BCP), which are backed by science and provide added value to functional foods and beverages as well as dietary supplements.
Oliver Wolf: Regarding immune health, a trend could already be observed in the years prior to 2020. However, the corona pandemic has sparked even stronger market growth. Now, more than ever, people want to actively support their immune health, having become much more aware of its importance. This is fuelling sales of dietary supplements that promise beneficial effects on the immune system. It’s also why more and more manufacturers are trying to develop new product concepts to launch in this thriving market.
OW: With IMMUPEPT we have developed the first immune ingredient based on collagen peptides. These specific Bioactive Collagen Peptides (BCPs), are offered in two different variants: IMMUPEPT 25, for a positive effect on the skin barrier of defence, the extracellular matrix (ECM) and immune modulation; and IMMUPEPT 50, that additionally contains specific BCPs which support bone metabolism, and healthy bones are closely related to a healthy immune system.
Furthermore, these BCPs stimulate fibroblasts – the most abundant cells of the connective tissue – to produce collagenous fibres, which are not only the main structure-forming fibres of the ECM but also have an immunoregulatory function, in that they can help reduce inflammation.
In addition, the specific BCPs in IMMUPEPT 50 help support bone health by optimally regulating the metabolism of bone cells. Today, we know that there is a connection between bones and the immune system, not only because all immune cells originate from the bone marrow, but also because bone cells stimulate immune cells and vice-versa.
OW: The effectiveness of the BCPs contained in IMMUPEPT has been scientifically confirmed. A variety of studies show that specific BCPs optimally regulate the metabolism of target connective tissue cells in the skin, bones and extracellular matrix, stimulating the biosynthesis of collagen and of several other immune-functioning ECM proteins.
New product-specific trials also indicate that the BCPs in IMMUPEPT have the potential to directly regulate key factors important for an effective immune response – inflammation, tissue damage, and oxidative stress – showing an immune-modulatory effect for IMMUPEPT.
OW: Most products available in the field of immune health focus on vitamins and minerals. But in recent years, other ingredients have become increasingly important in this segment – one being collagen. While this protein has long been used in the area of joint health and beauty-from-within products, its importance in the context of immune health is now also being recognised, and a more “holistic” approach to this topic has been developed. That’s because many processes relevant to immune health also involve collagen-rich tissues, such as the skin, the extracellular matrix and the bones.
Jutta Schock, Head of Marketing, GoodMills Innovation
GoodMills Innovation is a manufacturer of natural ingredients based on cereals and legumes for the food and baking industries.
Jutta Schock: The immune health market has clearly been a winner during the crisis. Until now, the general population was primarily concerned with getting through seasonal waves of colds and flu – in other words, a classic autumn-winter issue. However, that has changed fundamentally since the outbreak of the pandemic, with immune health now a year-round topic across all age groups. I think strong immune defences will become increasingly important in the future too. Even if we eventually get coronavirus under control through sufficient vaccination and medication, we will be more mindful of how life can change so suddenly. From BSE to bird flu and swine flu, zoonoses are not a new phenomenon but never has one had such a deep impact on our lives, or our previous carefree attitude. I guess face masks will become an accepted utensil during the classic cold and flu season.
JS: The pandemic has caused the demand for immune strengthening solutions to seemingly grow day by day. It is therefore up to the industry to react quickly and commercialize efficiently. Being a solutions provider, customers can rely on our agility and versatility. We don’t have to reinvent the wheel – we have always worked on health-promoting ingredients. With our range of dietary fibres and innovative whole grain solutions, we target the heart of a strong immune system: a healthy gut. Pursuing a value-added approach for our customers, we focus on converting sound science into innovative concepts and easy to implement solutions.
JS: I see great potential for the food industry because the moment a topic becomes uppermost in people’s minds, they start to look for a holistic solution – and that begins with nutrition. During lockdown, consumers have been doing more cooking and baking; in other words, paying closer attention to what they eat. However, this does not mean that the functional food sector is becoming less important – quite the reverse. Foods with health benefits relating to the immune system are a valuable nutritional boost for some and, for others, the ideal way to compensate for dietary deficiencies. After all, not everyone has become a passionate cook, and many people have found themselves turning to comfort food in those challenging times, such as sweets, ice cream and savoury nibbles.
When it comes to staples such as breakfast products or baked goods, consumers want added benefits in terms of immune health – as shown by a recent survey. Here, there are numerous possibilities, and we look forward to developing promising concepts and positionings with our customers. It’s also worth considering that so-called “sins” don’t necessarily have to be that bad after all. Just imagine convenience pizza that is additive-free, chips based on legumes that are higher in protein and nutrients, and chocolate cookies with less sugar and more fibre. We can achieve all this with our ingredients and thus contribute to a healthier diet.
JS: The portfolio of GoodMills Innovation is based on cereals and legumes, with the following ingredients particularly suitable for positioning in the area of immune health.
Wheat germ concentrate SpermidinEVO
SpermidinEVO is rich in spermidine – a natural substance that, according to recent research1,2, has a positive effect on autophagy, the self-cleaning process of cells. Spermidine thus plays a role in a healthy immune system and a slowing down of the ageing process. With sufficient dosage, health claims (EU) are also possible: folic acid allows a claim with regard to the immune system, and vitamin E a claim relating to cell protection.
Rutin X from Tartary buckwheat
The ingredient Rutin X, from the raw material tartary buckwheat, is rich in the trace element zinc and contains the bioflavonoid rutin in a quantity one hundred times higher than the more common buckwheat. Zinc has been proven to contribute to a functioning carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism, protects cells from oxidative stress and is also an important building block of the immune system. Rutin is an effective antioxidant too. In Asian medicine in particular, the secondary plant substance is believed to lower blood pressure and blood sugar. Depending on the dosage of Rutin X in baked goods and confectionery, pasta, dairy products or even fitness drinks, various zinc-related health claims (EU) can be made.
Fibre concentrate GOOD Fibres 10+1
GOOD Fibres 10+1 is a high-fibre compound from ten different sources, including cereals, vegetables and fruits. It therefore provides valuable food for the intestinal flora, which plays a key role in immune defence. Thanks to the special composition of the innovative product, EU health claims relating to the immune system and intestinal health are possible with sufficient dosage.
JS: Our overriding goal is to combine health and enjoyment. And wherever possible, we want to enable our customers to make EU health claims. This means we create the opportunity for companies to perfectly position their end products so that consumers can quickly and easily understand the added health benefits. The Health Claims Regulation specifies which ‘immunity’ claims may be made for certain levels of specific ingredients. There are precise regulations and legal requirements as to what we as a company are allowed to say. Scientific recognition is provided by EFSA, the European Food Safety Authority.
References:
Filip van Hulle, Senior Manager, Kaneka Pharma Europe
Kaneka Pharma Europe is the global pioneer in the production of natural coenzyme Q10 and the only supplier of pure, natural ubiquinol, the most active form of CoQ10.
Filip van Hulle: The pandemic has taught everyone new things, such as wearing masks to protect against the virus. Yet nutrients are important for prevention too. Before COVID-19, the immune health market was mainly focused on flu season and children. But now people have learned that immunity is an important topic for all ages, all-year round. Consumers are reflecting on their wellbeing, taking more exercise and trying to live healthier lives. They are also searching for solutions to help improve their overall health. As a result, there is increasing interest in nutritional strategies that support several areas simultaneously, such as more energy, improved endurance, a healthy heart, strong immune system and better mental wellbeing, particularly during these challenging times. The micronutrient ubiquinol targets all of these areas.
FvH: Traditional immune-related ingredients such as vitamin C, D or zinc are well established and known to consumers. They hold a big market share, which can be challenging for new product development. Another challenge may be that while some products are permitted to carry immunity health claims at low doses of a specific ingredient, larger doses are actually needed to show an effect.
FvH: While science does not yet know everything about immunity, it’s accepted that it plays a role throughout the entire body. Therefore, it seems logical that support should come from nutrients that are active in the whole body too. The pandemic has also shown that consumers want to learn more about immune health and how best to support it. Brands can use this engagement to shape their products and communication in favour of science-backed solutions. They can create premium dietary supplements containing value-added specialty ingredients. Nutrients such as Kaneka Ubiquinol that are backed by scientific research will appeal to health-conscious shoppers looking for additional immunity benefits. In addition, consumers are eager for products that combine a number of benefits in one package. Immune support definitely relies on more than one nutrient. The versatility of ubiquinol means it can be combined with numerous other ingredients, such as vitamins, minerals or natural extracts – e.g. a combination of ubiquinol with vitamin C seems to work well. Many people with COVID-19 have problems with their lungs. If lungs are ‘attacked’ by harmful environmental influences or pathogens, the body’s own antioxidants – vitamin C and ubiquinol – are the first to be impacted. So the synergy between both nutrients could lead to better lung protection.
FvH: Ubiquinol is the directly active form of coenzyme Q10, and plays a crucial role in cellular energy production. The tissues and cells involved in immune function have significant energy needs and therefore require a substantial supply of ubiquinol. As we age, our ubiquinol levels have been shown to decline. Supplementation with Kaneka Ubiquinol can bridge that gap.
FvH: Numerous studies confirm that Kaneka Ubiquinol has a significant impact on supporting immunity. Researchers found that people with influenza had far less ubiquinol in their body than healthy people.1 This was confirmed across three influenza seasons. We can thus assume that the body needs ubiquinol to protect itself. It is also known that influenza virus-induced dysregulation of the inflammatory response, commonly known as the ‘cytokine storm’, can significantly contribute to morbidity and mortality. Ubiquinol is able to attenuate markers of inflammation and down-regulate pro-inflammatory signalling. Since there seems to be a link between healthy ageing and good immunity, antioxidants such as ubiquinol could be helpful for people of all ages. Plus, the stronger the immune system, the better the vaccination will work.
References:
Michel Burla, CEO, Nutriswiss
Nutriswiss AG specialises in the refining of high-quality, tailor-made edible fats and is the Swiss leader in special and organic products. For national and international food manufacturers, the catering, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries, as well as artisan bakers, crude oils from all over the world are neutralized, bleached, modified by fractionation, transesterification or hydrogenation, mixed and deodorized. At its headquarters in Lyss in the canton of Berne in Switzerland, a total of 90 employees produce around 55,000 tonnes of high-purity edible oils and fats annually, 95 percent of which are of vegetable origin. Under the brand name, Belfina, sister company Grüninger supplies the national catering trade, food craft and retail trade with special fats and margarines. Nutriswiss is part of Centravo Holding, which was founded in 1879.
Michel Burla: The pandemic and the first reports of a possible vitamin D deficiency in the deceased victims made the general public more aware of the issue. At the same time, many people who had not previously paid much attention to strengthening their immune system became increasingly conscious about the fragility of their own health. Earlier recommendations had tended to be of a general nature, such as a eating a healthy diet, getting plenty of exercise and sufficient sleep, etc.
The market has responded to the pandemic but is still fragmented. The immune health segment includes numerous supplements, such as vitamins, minerals, plant extracts, probiotics, amino acids and omega-3 fatty acids, and dosage forms including capsules, tablets, sticks and liquids or solutions. Depending on the source information, the global market is estimated to be worth around US$20 billion with growth in the high single digits.
MB: There is still significant uncertainty. Health supplements cannot always compensate or cure lifestyle-associated deficiencies; it is simply not possible to ignore the fundamental requirements of a balanced diet, exercise and sleep. The measures taken to cope with the pandemic in many countries tend to add to the stress that has a negative effect on the immune system. The closure of sports facilities, gyms and restaurants, combined with worries about jobs and loved ones, cannot be counteracted by a plant extract. At the same time, products that have been forced to market too quickly create exaggerated — and unsubstantiated — expectations that further unsettle consumers. Concepts and products that address the long-term needs of an aging, increasingly health-conscious population, by contrast, will still be in demand after the crisis.
MB: The immune health segment offers great potential, particularly in the area of omega-3 products. Before the pandemic, omega-3 was in demand as an ingredient with a recognised effect on the immune system, especially in infant formulas; now, there is growing demand for similarly enriched functional foods for adults. On the one hand, omega-3 fatty acids activate immune cells such as neutrophil granulocytes, macrophages and killer cells.1 On the other hand, mediator molecules such as prostaglandins are also triggered, subsequently bringing the immune system into a state of greater readiness.
MB: Nutriswiss AG specialises in refining and enhancing superior-quality oils that are characterised by a high degree of purity; as such, they are in great demand in both the food and pharmaceutical industries. In terms of their effect on the immune system, omega-3 fatty acids play an important role, but so do fat-soluble vitamins such as vitamins C, A and E (tocopherol).
Preserving the important micronutrients and simultaneously eradicating harmful substances from the oils is our core competence. Only last year, we established a new short-path distillation (SPD) technology in our plant to purify crude oils. It’s particularly gentle, effective and subjects the raw materials to minimal thermal stress. Given that the focus of numerous orders is now optimizing the omega-3 to omega-6 fatty acid ratios, as well as enriching the final product with other micronutrients, SPD enables us to produce high-purity blends with completely neutral sensory properties that meet the very specific requirements of our customers.
MB: The coronavirus pandemic and the ongoing quest for an effective therapy has also given a boost to omega-3 fatty acid research. In December 2020, for example, a scientific review paper was published that discussed the possible antiviral effect of supplementation with the polyunsaturated fatty acids EPA and DHA against COVID-19.2 It was suggested that omega-3 maintains the functionalality of cell membranes, specifically activates immune cells and plays an important role in the inflammatory processes of immune defence. These essential fatty acids also inhibit viral replication by inducing the production of interferon.3 The author of the study concluded that supplementation may be useful both prophylactically in at-risk groups and in affected individuals.
References:
1,2. Hathaway D, Pandav K, Patel M, et al. Omega 3 Fatty Acids and COVID-19: A Comprehensive Review. Infect Chemother. 2020;52(4):478-495.
3. Eslamloo K, Xue X, Hall JR, Smith NC, Caballero-Solares A, Parrish CC, Taylor RG, Rise ML. Transcriptome profiling of antiviral immune and dietary fatty acid dependent responses of Atlantic salmon macrophage-like cells. BMC Genomics. 2017;18:706.
Laura Ingenlath, Quality Manager, Taiyo
Taiyo focuses on the development of innovative and natural ingredients with added health value. Since the company was founded in 1946, Taiyo has established itself as a leading manufacturer of emulsifiers, stabilizers, egg- and tea-based products and functional ingredients for the food and pharmaceutical industries. Taiyo has manufacturing facilities around the world. At its in-house research centre Taiyo Race, the company develops state-of-the-art products and formulations that meet the latest market trends.
Laura Ingenlath: Most people are aware of the importance of a well-developed and fully functional immune system to defend against and fight diseases. As such, many more consumers are now focusing on a health-oriented lifestyle that will strengthen their immune system for both the present and the future. At Taiyo, we are already feeling the increasing demand, especially for our 100% natural dietary fiber Sunfiber. As a water-soluble fiber, it supports health-promoting bacteria at the intestinal mucosa — the inner lining of the intestinal tract —and improves their ability to defend against pathogenic invaders. These “good” bacteria also promote the production of immunoglobulins and antibodies. It is known that many COVID-19 patients suffer from gastrointestinal problems. More than 50% experience digestive discomfort and about 47% suffer from digestive and pulmonary disorders (Pan et al. 2020). Dietary fiber, which increases the diversity of intestinal bacteria, can strengthen the human immune system.
LI: For manufacturers, the supply chain is becoming even more important than before. Wherever a market delivers profits, counterfeiters are not far behind, and this is especially true for tea and tea extracts. Taiyo has therefore developed an “Adulteration Free” campaign that ensures that our green tea extracts are 100% natural and free from adulteration.
LI: For consumers who do not want to take tablets or capsules to strengthen their immune system, hybrid beverages and functional foods offer a good alternative; and, from a manufacturer’s point of view, they offer great potential for innovation. Even soft drinks, bars or snacks that are perceived to have a rather “unhealthy image” gain added nutritional value when augmented with healthy ingredients. There is considerable work to be done, though; whereas natural and synthetic vitamin C are readily available, polyphenols cannot easily be synthesized. Owing to the immense importance of the gut for the immune system, microbiome-supporting ingredients and products are also gaining increasing significance. Taiyo, together with manufacturers in the relevant market segments, is developing innovative concepts with natural polyphenols and dietary fiber to strengthen the gut.
LI: Nutrient delivery systems: In the event of an acute attack on our immune system, it needs more nutrients to generate energy for defense. With SunActive, Taiyo offers a patented, secured nutrient delivery system with high bioavailability based on micronized and microencapsulated minerals and enzymes (Q10, Mg, Zn, Fe). A special technology eliminates the metallic or soapy taste of the minerals. It also makes it less reactive to other product components and substances in the human body.
Antiviral and antibacterial polyphenols from plants, fruits, fruit extracts and tea: polyphenols are natural antibodies that suppress the adhesion and penetration of viruses and bacteria, protect against infections and inhibit the reproduction of germs in the body. The Taiyo product range includes, for example, SunAmla with polyphenols from the Indian amla fruit, SunCran Naturelle, a 100% natural organic cranberry juice powder combined with Sunfiber, Moringa Extract S (particularly rich in glucomoringin GMG), and catechin-rich Sunphenon/Teavigo from high-quality green tea leaves.
Water-soluble dietary fiber: Sunfiber is a partially hydrolyzed, tasteless, colorless and odorless dietary fiber from the guar bean (partly hydrolysed guar gum, PHGG) that has been shown to lower the glycemic index of a meal, promote mineral absorption and improve transit times. The ISO-certified fiber is also low FODMAP, making it tolerable for people with irritable bowel syndrome.
LI: To stay with the fiber example, more than 150 studies have looked at the links between a high-fiber diet and the composition of the microbiome or the gut-lung connection. Taiyo’s Sunfiber (PHGG) was tested for its ability to be metabolized by bacterial strains, predominantly of the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, in a yet-unpublished laboratory analysis from 2020. As a result, growth derived from Sunfiber as the sole carbohydrate source could be measured in all 19 strains of the two genera.
References:
March 2024
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