A new assessment [1] of over 60 scenarios based on current low-emission practices shows that realizing net-zero food systems will require widescale adoption of new technologies in the next two decades and changes in meat and dairy consumption. A more diverse set of practices and innovative research, including diet shifts and new-horizon technologies, will be needed for this transformation.

Food systems emit approximately 35% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. As the global population is expected to grow to 9 billion by 2050, food demand will increase rapidly, and agriculture production must follow.

While net-zero food systems by 2050 are achievable, we must boldly implement more efficient production practices fundamental to meet global food production and climate goals now, say the authors of a new net-zero food systems assessment.

Credit: Ciniro Costa Jr., Eva Wollenberg, Mauricio Benitez, Richard Newman, Nick Gardner & Federico Bellone.

“Transforming food systems for net-zero is essential for the whole Paris Agreement equation to work and deliver on the need to limit the temperature increase to 1.5˚ C above pre-industrial levels by 2050, with important benefits for the resilience of millions of people around the world,” says Federico Bellone, co-author, UN High Level Climate Champions & Race to Zero.

However, there are no silver bullet solutions that work across local, regional and global scales. Local and regional food system intensification must identify locally relevant strategies to meet socio-economic and environmental targets. “While net-zero food systems are achievable, bolder implemen-tation of more efficient production practices is fundamental to meet both global food production and climate goals,” says Ciniro Costa Jr., lead author, Alliance of Bioversity International & CIAT. To achieve net-zero, the global food system must implement cost-effective mitigation practices and technologies by 2030 and improve country governance and technical assistance by 2040. By 2050, innovative financial mechanisms and affordable technologies must be implemented to achieve a net-zero emission global food system.

This roadmap presents milestones. “We cannot wait to start changing consumption patterns and developing new technologies. We must start now,” say the authors.

Reference
Costa, C., Wollenberg, E., Benitez, M. et al. Roadmap for achieving net-zero emissions in global food systems by 2050. Sci Rep 12, 15064 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-18601-1